Managing gestational diabetes through diet, exercise and monitoring your blood glucose levels will helps both you and your baby. Learn how to do it here. Managing gestational diabetes Gestational diabetes is diagnosed during pregnancy when your body cannot cope with the extra demand for insulin production resulting in high blood glucose levels. It is essential to counsel people on the importance of diet, exercise and a healthy weight for improving control of type 2 diabetes.
Read more on Australian Prescriber website. Read more on Glycemic Index Foundation website. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy can lead to burning, stabbing pain or 'pins and needles' in the extremities of your body. This happens generally in the feet and lower legs first but can also be present. Gestational diabetes mellitus GDM occurs when the placental hormones interfere with your body's ability to regulate blood glucose levels. Read more on Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute website.
Type 2 diabetes usually begins with insulin resistance and often goes hand in hand with obesity, high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Read more on myDr website. The pharmacokinetics of a drug refers to how it is handled by the body.
This includes absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination. Clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic, but is reserved for people with schizophrenia who have not adequately responded to two other antipsychotics. Good medicines information is critical to medical practice. Choose high-quality, pre-appraised sources first and make Sulfonylureas and insulin can have faster results, but they can carry additional risks.
A doctor can provide detailed information about how diabetes medications work and other ways to reduce blood sugar levels. Severely high blood sugar is a medical emergency, so it is important to undergo regular monitoring and understand when to seek medical care.
Diabetic ketoacidosis is a medical emergency that can occur in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. In this article, learn about the symptoms and…. Diabetes causes blood sugar levels to rise. The body may stop producing insulin, the hormone that regulates blood sugar, and this results in type 1…. Diabetes is an ongoing condition in which the body either produces too little insulin or does not use insulin effectively.
Management includes…. To maintain the right amount of blood sugar, the body needs insulin, a hormone that delivers this sugar to the cells.
When insulin is lacking, blood…. Timing Function How to tell if it works Checkups If it is ineffective Contacting a doctor Side effects Other drugs Summary Metformin is an oral medication that can help treat type 2 diabetes in combination with lifestyle changes. How long does it take to work? How does metformin work? How to tell if metformin is effective.
How doctors check the effects. What to do if blood sugar remains high. Low glycemic index foods Medium glycemic index foods High glycemic index foods Spelt bread White or whole wheat pita bread White or whole wheat bread Steel cut oats Instant, quick, or large flake oats Certain breakfast cereals, like Corn Flakes Barley Couscous Jasmine rice Sweet potato Cooled potato Hot potato.
When to contact a doctor. Side effects of metformin. Other drug alternatives. Latest news Could 'cupping' technique boost vaccine delivery? Scientists identify new cause of vascular injury in type 2 diabetes. Adolescent depression: Could school screening help? Be careful eating food and drink containing karela. This is because it can lower your blood sugar levels and mean your diabetes is not controlled as well as it should be. Karela also called bitter gourd is used to flavour foods, such as curries like bitter gourd masala.
If your blood sugar levels are stable, taking metformin should not affect your ability to drive, cycle or use machinery and tools.
Metformin itself will not make your blood sugar levels too low, but your doctor might prescribe it alongside other medicines for diabetes that can affect your blood sugar. Metformin is usually prescribed when diet and exercise alone has not been enough to control your blood sugar levels.
Page last reviewed: 8 February Next review due: 8 February Metformin On this page About metformin Key facts Who can and cannot take metformin How and when to take it Side effects How to cope with side effects Pregnancy and breastfeeding Cautions with other medicines Common questions. About metformin Metformin is a medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes , and to help prevent type 2 diabetes if you're at high risk of developing it.
PCOS is a condition that affects how the ovaries work. Metformin lowers your blood sugar levels by improving the way your body handles insulin. Metformin is available on prescription as tablets and as a liquid that you drink. Metformin works by reducing the amount of sugar your liver releases into your blood. It also makes your body respond better to insulin. Insulin is the hormone that controls the level of sugar in your blood.
It's best to take metformin with a meal to reduce the side effects. The most common side effects are feeling and being sick, diarrhoea, stomach ache and going off your food. Metformin does not cause weight gain, unlike some other diabetes medicines.
Liquid metformin is called by the brand name Riomet. Metformin is prescribed for adults, and children aged 10 years and older. Tell your doctor before starting the medicine if you : have had an allergic reaction to metformin or other medicines in the past have uncontrolled diabetes have liver or kidney problems have a severe infection are being treated for heart failure or have recently had a heart attack have severe problems with your circulation or breathing difficulties drink a lot of alcohol You may need to stop taking metformin before having surgery and certain medical tests.
Tell your doctor if you need to have: a test such as an X-ray or scan involving the injection of a dye that contains iodine into your blood surgery where you'll be put to sleep. Dosage The maximum daily dose is 2,mg a day for example, 4 x mg tablets. Different types of metformin Metformin comes as 2 different types of tablet: standard-release tablets and slow-release tablets. Will my dose go up or down? For example: one mg tablet with or after breakfast for at least 1 week, then one mg tablet with or after breakfast and your evening meal for at least 1 week, then one mg tablet with or after breakfast, lunch and your evening meal If you find you cannot tolerate the side effects of standard-release metformin, your doctor may suggest switching to slow-release tablets.
What if I forget to take it? If you often forget doses, it may help to set an alarm to remind you. What if I take too much? They include: stomach pain diarrhoea fast or shallow breathing feeling cold unusual sleepiness tiredness or weakness. Like all medicines, metformin can cause side effects, although not everyone gets them.
Common side effects Common side effects happen in more than 1 in people. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if these side effects bother you or do not go away after 1 week: feeling sick nausea being sick vomiting or diarrhoea stomach ache loss of appetite a metallic taste in the mouth Serious side effects Serious side effects are rare and happen in less than 1 in 10, people.
Call your doctor straight away if you get warning signs of: a general feeling of discomfort with severe tiredness, fast or shallow breathing, being cold and a slow heartbeat yellow skin or the whites of your eyes turn yellow - these can be signs of liver problems extreme tiredness, lack of energy, pins and needles, a sore and red tongue, mouth ulcers, muscle weakness and disturbed vision - these could be signs of vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia a skin rash, redness or itching - this could be a sign of a skin disorder Low blood sugar Metformin does not usually cause low blood sugar known as hypoglycaemia, or "hypos" when taken on its own.
Early warning signs of low blood sugar include: feeling hungry trembling or shaking sweating confusion difficulty concentrating It's also possible for your blood sugar to go too low while you're asleep. If this happens, it can make you feel sweaty, tired and confused when you wake up. Low blood sugar may happen if you: take too much of some types of diabetes medicines eat meals irregularly or skip meals are fasting do not eat a healthy diet and are not getting enough nutrients change what you eat increase your physical activity without eating more to compensate drink alcohol, especially after skipping a meal take some other medicines or herbal medicines at the same time have a hormone disorder, such as hypothyroidism have kidney or liver problems To prevent hypoglycaemia, it's important to have regular meals, including breakfast.
Serious allergic reaction It's possible to have a serious allergic reaction anaphylaxis to metformin. Information: You can report any suspected side effect using the Yellow Card safety scheme. Visit Yellow Card for further information. What to do about: feeling sick — take metformin with food to reduce the chances of feeling sick. It may also help to slowly increase your dose over several weeks.
Ask a pharmacist or your doctor for advice. Generic alternatives may be available. Metformin pronounced as met for' min. Why is this medication prescribed? How should this medicine be used? Other uses for this medicine What special precautions should I follow? What special dietary instructions should I follow? What should I do if I forget a dose? What side effects can this medication cause? What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?
Brand names Brand names of combination products. Swallow metformin extended-release tablets whole; do not split, chew, or crush them. Ask your pharmacist or doctor for a copy of the manufacturer's information for the patient. Other uses for this medicine. What special precautions should I follow? Before taking metformin, tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to metformin, any of the ingredients of metformin liquid or tablets, or any other medications.
Ask your pharmacist or check the manufacturer's patient information for a list of the ingredients. Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you carefully for side effects. If you become pregnant while taking metformin, call your doctor. This can affect your blood sugar. Your doctor will give you instructions if this happens. This medication may cause changes in your blood sugar. You should know the symptoms of low and high blood sugar and what to do if you have these symptoms.
Metformin may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe, do not go away, go away and come back, or do not begin for some time after you begin taking metformin: diarrhea bloating stomach pain gas indigestion constipation unpleasant metallic taste in mouth heartburn headache flushing of the skin nail changes muscle pain Some side effects can be serious.
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