But you know what? We change lives. We have a mission beyond circulation, we want to bridge divides. And we can prove it. Already a subscriber? Monitor journalism changes lives because we open that too-small box that most people think they live in. We believe news can and should expand a sense of identity and possibility beyond narrow conventional expectations.
Your subscription to The Christian Science Monitor has expired. You can renew your subscription or continue to use the site without a subscription. If you have questions about your account, please contact customer service or call us at This message will appear once per week unless you renew or log out.
Skip to main content Skip to main menu Skip to search Skip to footer. Search for:. Manage subscription. The Gurus also incorporated writings from other spiritually elevated figures who lived in South Asia and shared a similar outlook. The themes of the scriptural compositions have largely to do with the nature of divine experience and the steps one can take to achieve it. The entirety of the text is written in verse poetry, and a vast majority of it is set to music.
Sikhs consider the Guru Granth Sahib to be a revealed text, and it plays a central role in Sikh devotional and ceremonial life. The scripture, which is relatively large in size, is the centerpiece of Sikh worship spaces. The gurdwara is modeled after an imperial court in early modern South Asia, which helps remind worshipers of its sovereign and authoritative status.
Only by siding with India were they able to keep part of the Punjab, although not before appalling loss of life in communal massacres. The Sikh ambition for a state of their own was something that India would not concede. To do so would have allowed communalism i. However, in , after years of Sikh demands, India divided the Punjab into three, recreating Punjab as a state with a Sikh majority.
This was not enough to stop Sikh anger at what they saw as continuing oppression and the unfair way in which they thought India had set the boundaries of the new state. They continued to demand various concessions from the Indian government.
As Sikh discontent grew, the conflict gradually changed from a purely political conflict into a confrontation between Hindus and Sikhs; and then to real violence. A Sikh preacher called Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale became the leader of the most disaffected of the Sikhs. He was often portrayed as representing all Sikhs, although, actually, he did not. In Bhindranwale and his closest followers took refuge in the Golden Temple Complex at Amritsar, the most revered place in the Sikh world.
They attacked the Golden Temple Complex, killing many of those inside, and seriously damaging the buildings. This invasion of the holiest place of the Sikhs infuriated many Sikhs, even the non-militant. They saw the Indian Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi, who had ordered the invasion, as a deliberate persecutor of the Sikh faith and community. Four days of anti-Sikh rioting followed in India. The government said more than 2, people, mostly Sikhs, were killed, while newspapers and human-rights groups put the death toll between 10, and 17, Search term:.
Read more. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets CSS enabled. The first of the Gurus and said to be founder of the religion, Guru Nanak was born on 15 April and his date of death is 22 September He gave the new idea of God and rejected the vedas and Hindu scriptures. He established equality for women and also started the Langar practise. He passed away in 29 March He popularised the Gurumukhi script and also set up many new schools. He also spread the religion further.
He established the Manji and Piri system of religious missions for men and women respectively.
0コメント